Overview
Nginx is an open-source, high performance HTTP & ReverseProxy Server, it can also be configured to operate as IMAP / POP3 Server.It’s well-known for high performance, stability, rich feature set, simple configuration and low resource consumption.
In this guide we will install and configure nginx webserver on a Linux based operating system.
Applies To
- CentOS 7, tested on CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
Pre-Requisites
- superuser access for installation.
- epel-release repository is installed on the server.
- If epel repository is not installed, to install run the command; yum install epel-release -y
Package Install – Nginx
After installing “epel-release” repository package; install ngnix package, run the command;yum install nginx -y
Package Install – Verify
After installation of nginx package, to confirm if the package has been successfully installed, you can run the command;yum list installed | grep nginx or
rpm -qai nginx | grep -E "Name|\ Install Date"
Enable Service - nginx
After installation of nginx package, next step is to configure nginx service daemon to automatically start upon server reboots. To start service automatically, run the command;systemctl enable nginx
Configure – nginx
By default nginx is pre-configured, if you intend to customize server parameters this can be accomplished by editing the master configuration file “/etc/nginx/nginx.conf” in “server” block section.By default port “80” is the configured for nginx service to “LISTEN”, and when the server is started, server starts automatically on IPV4 and IPV6 network interface(s).
Server Block – Configuration Table
Server block attributes, that can be configured in the “Server” block section in the nginx configuration file are listed below;| Attribute | Delfault | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| listen | 80 default_server; | HTTP Access over IPV4 |
| listen | [::]:80 default_server; | HTTP Access over IPV6 |
| server_name | _; | Webserver Name |
| root | /usr/share/nginx/html; | Default document directory |
| include | /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; | Load configuration files for default server block |
| location | / | Path where from documents have to be served |
| error_page | 404 /404.html; | Defining Error Code and file to be shown |
| error_page | 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; | Defining Error Code and file to be shown |
Configure Firewall – nginx
Next step is to configure firewall rule to allow access to http service, to add firewall rule, run the command;firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
Reload Firewall Rules
In order to activate the firewall rule configured, firewall rules table has to be reloaded, to reload the rules, run the command;firewall-cmd --reload
List Firewall Rules
After configuring the firewall rules, list of firewall rules can be listed to check if the added http service is to allow traffic, to know the rules configured, run the command;firewall-cmd --list-service
Service Management – nginx
After configuring nginx service have to started, this can be done with service manager (system manager utility).Service Start – nginx
Next step is to start the service, to start nginx service daemon, run the command;systemctl start nginx
Service Stop – nginx
Similarly, to stop nginx server and check service status, run the command;systemctl stop nginx
systemctl status nginx
Launch Portal – nginx
Nginx by default run’s on port “80” (http), to access the portal open the browser and launch the URL http://NginxServerName.
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